Al cardiac disorder, it impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood. Despite significant advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying this disease, current treatments for HF have not been satisfied. It is recognized that sympathetic nervous system is one of the most important mechanisms regulating cardiac function, mainly through activation of b-AR [1]. Catecholamine such as epinephrine and norepinephrine are agonists of adrenoceptor in vivo, and levels of circulating catecholamine increased in patients with heart failure [2]. The development of heart failure also associated with diminishment of b-AR responsiveness [3], which assumed that reduced the density of b1-AR, but b2-AR was unaffected [4,5]. Blockade of b1 and desensitization of b2-AR could reduce cardiac fibrosis which induced by ISO [6]. We and others have shown that overexpression of b2-AR protected the hearts against ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) or chronic hypoxia injury [7,8], and played a beneficial role in heart failure [9]. Pre-menopausal women have reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, and the incidence of cardiovascular disease increased after menopause. Studies on animal models have also suggested that estrogen played an important role in get ITI007 cardioprotection [10].There are three different forms of the estrogen receptor, usually referred to as a (ERa), b (ERb), and the third G proteincoupled estrogen receptor (GPER), here referred as GPR30. Previous study showed that GPR30 subcellular localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane 
[11,23,24], and expressed in a variety of tissues such as heart, vascular, liver and ovarian in human and rats [16,25]. Estrogen binds to the ERs, on the one hand translocates to the nucleus to produce genomic actions; on the other hand, confers rapid non-genomic actions [12]. Anne M. and his colleagues have reported that GPR30 specific agonist G-1 reduced post-ischemic dysfunction and infarct size after I/R, they found that the protection was blocked by the addition of the PI3K inhibitor [13]. Others have also found the similar results [14?6]. In addition 
to the rapid KDM5A-IN-1 effects caused by activation of GPR30, its chronic effects have also been identified. It was reported that genetic deletion of GPR30 was associated with visceral adiposity in both male and female animals [17]. Jewell A. Jessup and his colleagues have shown that chronic GPR30 activation attenuated changes in left ventricular remodeling due to prolonged intake of a high salt diet [18]. We have reported oestrogen conferred cardioprotection by changing the expression of b1- and b2-AR [7], however oestrogen can bind to classical estrogen receptor and the novel estrogen receptor GPR30, whether separate activation ofGPR30 and Chronic CardioprotectionGPR30 with G-1 is beneficial for ISO induced heart failure, or changes the expression of b-AR has not been reported.decreased LVEDP, however G15 treatment can not cause such changes (table 2).Results General Features of Experimental AnimalsSerum estrogen levels, uterine weight decreased and body weight increased significantly after the ovaries were removed. There were no significant differences between each group in body length. Compared with the Sham or OVX+E2 group, OVX treatment increased heart weight, but it was not significant. ISO plus OVX increased heart weight and heart weight/body length ratio compared with OVX group. G-1 or E2 but not E2+G15 could eliminate the increasing of the heart weight.Al cardiac disorder, it impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood. Despite significant advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying this disease, current treatments for HF have not been satisfied. It is recognized that sympathetic nervous system is one of the most important mechanisms regulating cardiac function, mainly through activation of b-AR [1]. Catecholamine such as epinephrine and norepinephrine are agonists of adrenoceptor in vivo, and levels of circulating catecholamine increased in patients with heart failure [2]. The development of heart failure also associated with diminishment of b-AR responsiveness [3], which assumed that reduced the density of b1-AR, but b2-AR was unaffected [4,5]. Blockade of b1 and desensitization of b2-AR could reduce cardiac fibrosis which induced by ISO [6]. We and others have shown that overexpression of b2-AR protected the hearts against ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) or chronic hypoxia injury [7,8], and played a beneficial role in heart failure [9]. Pre-menopausal women have reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, and the incidence of cardiovascular disease increased after menopause. Studies on animal models have also suggested that estrogen played an important role in cardioprotection [10].There are three different forms of the estrogen receptor, usually referred to as a (ERa), b (ERb), and the third G proteincoupled estrogen receptor (GPER), here referred as GPR30. Previous study showed that GPR30 subcellular localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane [11,23,24], and expressed in a variety of tissues such as heart, vascular, liver and ovarian in human and rats [16,25]. Estrogen binds to the ERs, on the one hand translocates to the nucleus to produce genomic actions; on the other hand, confers rapid non-genomic actions [12]. Anne M. and his colleagues have reported that GPR30 specific agonist G-1 reduced post-ischemic dysfunction and infarct size after I/R, they found that the protection was blocked by the addition of the PI3K inhibitor [13]. Others have also found the similar results [14?6]. In addition to the rapid effects caused by activation of GPR30, its chronic effects have also been identified. It was reported that genetic deletion of GPR30 was associated with visceral adiposity in both male and female animals [17]. Jewell A. Jessup and his colleagues have shown that chronic GPR30 activation attenuated changes in left ventricular remodeling due to prolonged intake of a high salt diet [18]. We have reported oestrogen conferred cardioprotection by changing the expression of b1- and b2-AR [7], however oestrogen can bind to classical estrogen receptor and the novel estrogen receptor GPR30, whether separate activation ofGPR30 and Chronic CardioprotectionGPR30 with G-1 is beneficial for ISO induced heart failure, or changes the expression of b-AR has not been reported.decreased LVEDP, however G15 treatment can not cause such changes (table 2).Results General Features of Experimental AnimalsSerum estrogen levels, uterine weight decreased and body weight increased significantly after the ovaries were removed. There were no significant differences between each group in body length. Compared with the Sham or OVX+E2 group, OVX treatment increased heart weight, but it was not significant. ISO plus OVX increased heart weight and heart weight/body length ratio compared with OVX group. G-1 or E2 but not E2+G15 could eliminate the increasing of the heart weight.
