Oup) and left to rest on standard food medium for 2 days. After 48 h flies were transferred to a new vial for egg laying on standard food medium during a period of 4 h. Eggs were collected and transferred in groups of 20 to vials containing 7 ml. of either carbohydrate-enriched medium or protein nriched medium. Eggs were left 
to hatch at 25uC with 12 h light/12 h dark cycles. We checked for newly emerged flies every 8 h and counted and sexed the emerging flies.Chill Coma RecoveryChill-coma order Itacitinib recovery time of the flies was significantly affected by nutritional regimes. Flies developed on protein-enriched medium recovered more slowly than flies developed on carbohydrate-enriched medium (Fig. 3a, b).Heat Shock SurvivalWe found a significant influence of nutritional regimes on heat shock survival. Flies developed on protein-enriched medium have fast recovery from heat shock than flies developed on carbohydrate nriched medium (Fig. 4a, b).Egg ProductionWe collected virgin males and females developed on either the carbohydrate-enriched medium or the protein- enriched medium. One male and one female were transferred to vials containing standard food medium. Pairs of flies were transferred to vials with teaspoons with standard food medium at 3? days. Every 48 h flies were transferred to a new vial with new teaspoon with standard medium. This procedure was repeated three times so that the number of eggs produced from 3? days to day 7? of age could be registered.Egg to Adult ViabilityAssuming that the sex ratio of the eggs collected is 50:50. Table 1 shows that there is a significant effect of nutritional regimes and sex on egg to adult viability. We also found a significant interaction between sex and nutritional regime on egg- to ?adult viability. On average 20 more females developed on protein-enriched food, while on average 30 more males developed on carbohydrateenriched medium. Viability is greater in carbohydrate rich diet (Fig. 5).Counting of Ovariole NumberIn females, the ovaries were dissected in insect saline (0.67 NaCl), stained with 2 acetocarmine stain, and mounted in 45 acetic acid; the ovariole number was counted under a microscope at 50x magnification.Egg-AKT inhibitor 2 production and Ovariole NumberWe found a significant difference in egg production of females developed on different nutritional regimes when tested on simple culture medium. (t-test: 6.57 p,0.001). Average female egg production/day is 63 in case of females developed on carbohydrate nriched medium while protein fed female’s average egg production is 94. There is significant difference in ovariole number between females developed in two types of food (t-test: 5.24, p,0.001). Females developed on protein rich food have higher ovariole number than females developed on carbohydrate rich food. So there is positive correlation between number of eggs laid and ovariole number. We also found trade-offs between egg production, ovariole number and egg to adult viability (Fig. 5).Statistical AnalysisIn analyzing survival data, two functions that are dependent on time are of particular interest: the survival function and the hazard function. The survival function S (t) is defined as the probability of surviving at least to time t. the hazard function h(t) is the conditional probability of dying at time t having survived to that time. The graph of S (t) against t is called the survival curve. The Kaplan-Meir method was used to estimate this curve from the observed survival time without th.Oup) and left to rest on standard food medium for 2 days. After 48 h flies were transferred to a new vial for egg laying on standard food medium during a period of 4 h. Eggs were collected and transferred in groups of 20 to vials containing 7 ml. of either carbohydrate-enriched medium or protein nriched medium. Eggs were left to hatch at 25uC with 12 h light/12 h dark cycles. We checked for newly emerged flies every 8 h and counted and sexed the emerging flies.Chill Coma RecoveryChill-coma recovery time of the flies was significantly affected by nutritional regimes. Flies developed on protein-enriched medium recovered more slowly than flies developed on carbohydrate-enriched medium (Fig. 3a, b).Heat Shock SurvivalWe found a significant influence of nutritional regimes on heat shock survival. Flies developed on protein-enriched medium have fast recovery from heat shock than flies developed on carbohydrate nriched medium (Fig. 4a, b).Egg ProductionWe collected virgin males and females developed on either the carbohydrate-enriched medium or the protein- enriched medium. One male and one female were transferred to vials containing standard food medium. Pairs of flies were transferred to vials with teaspoons with standard food medium at 3? days. Every 48 h flies were transferred to a new vial with new teaspoon with standard medium. This procedure was repeated three times so that the number of eggs produced from 3? days to day 7? of age could be registered.Egg to Adult ViabilityAssuming that the sex ratio of the eggs collected is 50:50. Table 1 shows that there is a significant effect of nutritional regimes and sex on egg to adult viability. We also found a significant interaction between sex and 
nutritional regime on egg- to ?adult viability. On average 20 more females developed on protein-enriched food, while on average 30 more males developed on carbohydrateenriched medium. Viability is greater in carbohydrate rich diet (Fig. 5).Counting of Ovariole NumberIn females, the ovaries were dissected in insect saline (0.67 NaCl), stained with 2 acetocarmine stain, and mounted in 45 acetic acid; the ovariole number was counted under a microscope at 50x magnification.Egg-production and Ovariole NumberWe found a significant difference in egg production of females developed on different nutritional regimes when tested on simple culture medium. (t-test: 6.57 p,0.001). Average female egg production/day is 63 in case of females developed on carbohydrate nriched medium while protein fed female’s average egg production is 94. There is significant difference in ovariole number between females developed in two types of food (t-test: 5.24, p,0.001). Females developed on protein rich food have higher ovariole number than females developed on carbohydrate rich food. So there is positive correlation between number of eggs laid and ovariole number. We also found trade-offs between egg production, ovariole number and egg to adult viability (Fig. 5).Statistical AnalysisIn analyzing survival data, two functions that are dependent on time are of particular interest: the survival function and the hazard function. The survival function S (t) is defined as the probability of surviving at least to time t. the hazard function h(t) is the conditional probability of dying at time t having survived to that time. The graph of S (t) against t is called the survival curve. The Kaplan-Meir method was used to estimate this curve from the observed survival time without th.
